View PDF

Data Table Search

• Type search value/s in white free data fields
• Enter select to get the table of springs with search value
• Multiple clicks on table header will show minimum or maximum assortment accordingly

You may search for

• Alternative product numbers
• Spring designations generally used
• Dimensions
• DIN designation

Input at Febrotec Search

• Compression springs expand when they are compressed
• The enlargement of the outside diameter under load deltaDA in mm is calculated with solid height LbI and free bearing of the spring ends:     deltaDa= 0.1*m²-0.8md-0.2d²/Dm 
• m=Lo-d/if for springs with squared and ground ends and m=Lo-2.5d/if for springs with unsquared, unground ends
• d = wire diameter [mm]
  Dm = average coil diameter [mm]
  Lo = length of unloaded spring [mm]
  if = number of spring coils
  Lbl = solid length [mm]
• We offer as download a free calculation program for compression springs on our homepage, in which the expansion of the compression springs can be calculated

 View PDF

Data Table Search

• Type search value/s in white free data fields
• Enter select to get the table of springs with search value
• Multiple clicks on table header will show minimum or maximum assortment accordingly

You may search for

• Alternative product numbers
• Spring designations generally used
• Dimensions
• DIN designation

Input at Febrotec Search

 View PDF

Tolerance Raymond die springs ISO 10243

 Raymond Die springs with part no. 0R... 

Raymond Die springs with part no. 0ST... NAAMS

(North American Automotive Metric Standard)

Data Table Search

• Type search value/s in white free data fields
• Enter select to get the table of springs with search value
• Multiple clicks on table header will show minimum or maximum assortment accordingly

You may search for

• Alternative product numbers
• Spring designations generally used
• Dimensions
• DIN designation

Input at Febrotec Search

 View PDF

Data Table Search

• Type search value/s in white free data fields
• Enter select to get the table of springs with search value
• Multiple clicks on table header will show minimum or maximum assortment accordingly

You may search for

• Alternative product numbers
• Spring designations generally used
• Dimensions
• DIN designation

Input at Febrotec Search

Would you like to use springs in the high temperature range or in strong acids?

Siliconnitride has excellent characteristics

• Siliconitride compresses when moving from the alpha to the beta-phase
• This process creates structures with embedded bars
• These structures create the high strength of silcon nitride

Properties of different materials

Comparison table for physical properties of different materials

Strength at high temperature applications

• The strength of siliconnitride remains constant in the range between room temperature and 1000° Celsius
• The strength remains on a level of 200MPa with an error of 0,1% at a temperature between room temperature and 1200° Celsius
• After fatigue tests at 900°C no deformations were recorded
  
  
  
  
  
  
  

 View PDF

Data Table Search

• Type search value/s in white free data fields
• Enter select to get the table of springs with search value
• Multiple clicks on table header will show minimum or maximum assortment accordingly

You may search for

• Alternative product numbers
• Spring designations generally used
• Dimensions
• DIN designation

Input at Febrotec Search

Data Table Search

• Type search value/s in white free data fields
• Enter select to get the table of springs with search value
• Multiple clicks on table header will show minimum or maximum assortment accordingly

You may search for

• Alternative product numbers
• Spring designations generally used
• Dimensions
• DIN designation

Input at Febrotec Search

Data Table Search

• Type search value/s in white free data fields
• Enter select to get the table of springs with search value
• Multiple clicks on table header will show minimum or maximum assortment accordingly

You may search for

• Alternative product numbers
• Spring designations generally used
• Dimensions
• DIN designation

Input at Febrotec Search

 IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION

•  Please read these instructions carefully before you install this product
• Incorrect installation may invalidate product warranty
• Gas Struts (also known as Gas Springs)
• Gas Springs contain Nitrogen gas at high pressure
• Please dispose of used items carefully

Instructions for Installation

• Gas struts should be mounted at an angle of 60° to the vertical with the piston rod down to ensure lubrication of the cylinder seals. The gas springs should be mounted without lateral forces. End fittings must be fully screwed into position on both ends prior to final location.
• Gas struts contain nitrogen under high pressure. The cylinder should never be opened, punctured or exposed to high temperatures. Handle the piston rod with great care, as damage will result in consequential damage to the internal seals. The piston rod should not be scratched, soiled, painted, lubricated or bent. Damage to the piston rod will void the warranty
• All gas struts have a seal between piston rod and cylinder. This seal is wetted with internal oil to ensure optimum functioning of the system. For this reason, gas struts should be installed with the piston rod pointing downwards.

• Take great care when assembling and disassembling the gas pressure strut, as the pressure in the cylinder can generate dangerous forces.
• Gas struts are not designed for transverse or lateral forces. If possible, use ball fasteners. To avoid bending the gas spring, the application should take the proportions of the cylinder into consideration.
• Only 90% of the complete stroke should be used in order not to move the quantities of grease and oil at the end of the stroke again and again.
• Ensure that the end fittings are fully fastened. If it is necessary to align the fastenings, the greatest care and attention should be taken.
• Gas struts should not be used for more than 15 strokes/minute, otherwise disproportionately high heat generation due to friction will destroy the internal seals. We recommend using mechanical stops to limit the stroke of the cylinder.

Varilift® GAS StrutS

• Varilift® gas struts contain nitrogen under high pressure. Never open, puncture or expose the cylinder to high temperatures. The Varilift® gas struts lose power in the long term. You should check periodically whether the desired function is still guaranteed. Otherwise, the gas pressure strut must be replaced.

INSTRUCTIONS to set the Varilift® VALVE

• The Varilift gas strut® is fitted with a release valve (A) at the body end of the unit. This valve can be used to release gas from the unit to lower the force required to compress or extend it
• Prior to attempting to perform this gas release, extreme care should be taken to prevent injury if too much gas is released
• Where possible, it may be advantageous to increase the panel weight by 10% when performing this operation to prevent over release of the gas
• To release gas from the unit use an allen key provided to unscrew the lock screw (B) at the side on the valve
• Slowly unscrew the lock screw (anti-clockwise) until the gas can be heard escaping. Immediately re-lock the screw and try the unit
• Extreme care should be taken during this operation as a small amount of discharge dramatically lowers the pressure of the unit
• When using 2 struts on an application, adjust struts in sequence until the correct operation is achieved.

 Do not under any circumstances remove the adjustment screw from the valve.

Data Table Search

• Type search value/s in white free data fields
• Enter select to get the table of springs with search value
• Multiple clicks on table header will show minimum or maximum assortment accordingly

You may search for

• Alternative product numbers
• Spring designations generally used
• Dimensions
• DIN designation

Input at Febrotec Search

  IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION

•  Please read these instructions carefully before you install this product
• Incorrect installation may invalidate product warranty
• Gas Struts (also known as Gas Springs)
• Gas Springs contain Nitrogen gas at high pressure
• Please dispose of used items carefully

Instructions for Installation

Gas struts should be mounted at an angle of 60° to the vertical with the piston rod down to ensure lubrication of the cylinder seals. The gas springs should be mounted without lateral forces. End fittings must be fully screwed into position on both ends prior to final location.

Gas struts contain nitrogen under high pressure. The cylinder should never be opened, punctured or exposed to high temperatures. Handle the piston rod with great care, as damage will result in consequential damage to the internal seals. The piston rod should not be scratched, soiled, painted, lubricated or bent. Damage to the piston rod will void the warranty

All gas struts have a seal between piston rod and cylinder. This seal is wetted with internal oil to ensure optimum functioning of the system. For this reason, gas struts should be installed with the piston rod pointing downwards.

Take great care when assembling and disassembling the gas pressure strut, as the pressure in the cylinder can generate dangerous forces.

Gas struts are not designed for transverse or lateral forces. If possible, use ball fasteners. To avoid bending the gas spring, the application should take the proportions of the cylinder into consideration.

Only 90% of the complete stroke should be used in order not to move the quantities of grease and oil at the end of the stroke again and again.

Ensure that the end fittings are fully fastened. If it is necessary to align the fastenings, the greatest care and attention should be taken.

Gas struts should not be used for more than 15 strokes/minute, otherwise disproportionately high heat generation due to friction will destroy the internal seals. We recommend using mechanical stops to limit the stroke of the cylinder.

Varilift® GAS StrutS

Varilift® gas struts contain nitrogen under high pressure. Never open, puncture or expose the cylinder to high temperatures. The Varilift® gas struts lose power in the long term. You should check periodically whether the desired function is still guaranteed. Otherwise, the gas pressure strut must be replaced.

INSTRUCTIONS to set the Varilift® VALVE

The Varilift gas strut® is fitted with a release valve (A) at the body end of the unit. This valve can be used to release gas from the unit to lower the force required to compress or extend it. Prior to attempting to perform this gas release, extreme care should be taken to prevent injury if too much gas is released. Where possible, it may be advantageous to increase the panel weight by 10% when performing this operation to prevent over release of the gas. To release gas from the unit use an allen key provided to unscrew the lock screw (B) at the side on the valve. Slowly unscrew the lock screw (anti-clockwise) until the gas can be heard escaping. Immediately re-lock the screw and try the unit. Extreme care should be taken during this operation as a small amount of discharge dramatically lowers the pressure of the unit. When using 2 struts on an application, adjust struts in sequence until the correct operation is achieved.

 Do not under any circumstances remove the adjustment screw from the valve.

Data Table Search

• Type search value/s in white free data fields
• Enter select to get the table of springs with search value
• Multiple clicks on table header will show minimum or maximum assortment accordingly

You may search for

• Alternative product numbers
• Spring designations generally used
• Dimensions
• DIN designation

Input at Febrotec Search

For each diameter combination listed in DIN 2093 there are three different disc spring series:

Series A 

• high spring force - approximately linear characteristic

Series B

• medium spring force - slightly degressive characteristic

Series C

• low spring force - strongly degressive characteristic

Group 1 

• t < 1.25 mm - spring force +25% -7.5%

Group 2 

• t < 1.25 mm to t = 3.0 mm - spring force +15% -7.5%

Group 2

• t > 3.0 mm to t = 6.0 mm   - spring force +10% -5.0%

Group 3 

• t > 6.0 mm to t = 14.0 mm - spring force +-5.0%

Carbon steel (Ck67)

• used for all DIN 2093 disc springs with t < 1 mm.

Chromium-vanadium in accordance with DIN EN 10132-4 (51CrV4)

•  used for all DIN 2093 disc springs with t > 1 mm
• used with a modulus of elasticity E = 206,000 N/mm2 and a Poisson coefficient ´ü = 0.3

Material 1.1231 

• carbon steel 
• operating temperature up to 80 °C max.

Material 1.1248 

• carbon steel
• operating temperature up to 80 °C max.

Material 1.4310 

• V2a stainless spring steel 
• heat-resistant, but not to be used above 150 °C

Material 1.4568

• V4a stainless spring steel
• heat-resistant up to 350 °C

 The values refer to the difference in diameter.

• Case-hardened (depth min. 0.8 mm) and ground counterparts/guide elements with a hardness of at least 55 HRC have proven themselves in dynamic applications

Material 1.1231 - Ck67 carbon steel 

• max. 80 °C

Material 1.8159 - 51CrV4 chromium-vanadium

• max. 100 °C

Material 1.4310 - chromium-nickel stainless steel 

• max. 150 °C

Material 1.4568 - chromium-nickel-aluminium stainless steel 

• max. 350 °C
  
  

Material 2.4669 - Inconel X750

• max. 600 °C depending on the type of heat treatment.

• All disc springs made from carbon steels and CrV steels are phosphated and oiled

The best disc spring arrangement is that which uses the smallest possible number of disc springs.

The friction increases as the number of disc springs in the stack increases. Therefore, in the case of multiple layers for dynamic operation, no more than 2 to 3 springs should be used in parallel.

As a guide value for stack length=Lo we recommend:

• Lo<=3*Da where the outside diameter=Da. If a greater length cannot be avoided, the stacks should be subdivided by rigid intermediate washers
• Guidance of the disc springs should take place on the inside or the outside; the hardness of the guide mechanism, at 55 to 56 HRC, should exceed that of the disc springs

• Disc Springs Belleville are disc springs from the inch size range and often have greater material thicknesses or different proportions than comparable DIN 2093 disc springs
• The dimensions are determined in inches

• The lower the friction, the lower the wear between the disc springs and adjacent components
• Oil, grease, paste with molybdenum disulfite or other solid lubricants reduce the friction coefficient

• The disc springs we offer are made of carbon steel and have a protective layer of zinc phosphate
• A corrosion protection oil is stored in this zinc phosphate layer
• Stainless steel disk springs have no additional surface protection against corrosion

 View PDF

If a disc spring is preloaded by means of a threaded connection (e.g. for temperature compensation), how is the torque calculated for loading the disc spring?

• The formula is: F1*Pi*2*l/P=F2
• F1 = force on lever arm in N
  Pi = 3.14
  l = length of lever arm in mm
  P = thread pitch in mm
  F2 = force in axial direction (i.e. in the direction of the load on the disc spring) in N
  MD = torque in Nmm
• or F1*l=F2*P/Pi*2
• or Md=F2*P/Pi*2
• When putting the torque into the screw-thread-system the friction factor has to be taken into consideration.

Tolerances for Disc Springs according to DIN 2093

• Outside diameter: zone of tolerance h12
• Inside diameter: zone of tolerance H12
  
  

For the Coax Position

• Outside diameter <=50mm: 2 . IT11
• Outside diameter   >50mm: 2 . IT12
  
  

A large number of influences such as surface roughness, edge rounding, lubricants etc. do not allow an exact determination of the friction.

Experience values with the different spring sizes result in the following loss of force due to friction between deflection and deflection forces (Hysteresis).

• single fold layering --> +-2...3%
• 2-fold parallel layering --> +-4...6%
• 3-fold parallel layering--> +-6...9%
• 4-fold parallel layering --> +-8...12%
• 5-fold parallel layering -->+-10-15%  

• The length L1 is 75% of possible travel of a disc spring

Data Table Search

• Type search value/s in white free data fields
• Enter select to get the table of springs with search value
• Multiple clicks on table header will show minimum or maximum assortment accordingly

You may search for

• Alternative product numbers
• Spring designations generally used
• Dimensions
• DIN designation

Input at Febrotec Search

• Unslotted disc springs for ball bearings provide axial preloading of deep groove ball bearings, and can compensate for differences caused by dimension deviations
• In dynamic loading the disc springs absorb vibrations generated by the deep groove ball bearings, and also result in noise reduction and extended durability of the deep groove ball bearings

• Due to their design, disc springs for ball bearings, not slotted, can be deflected up to the flat position, and no setting is to be expected

• Disc springs for ball bearings, not slotted, have a pronounced degressive spring characteristic curve
• Therefore, it is not recommended to use alternately layered disc spring columns
• In order to achieve higher forces, however, these disc springs can be stacked in the same direction; the friction effect between compression and compression (hysteresis) should be taken into account

Tempering

• Compression and extension springs are tempered in order to reduce the stresses indicated in the manufacture of the springs
• This prevents an uncontrolled loss of force in the operation of compression springs and prevents possible loop failure in extension springs
• For torsion springs, tempering is not absolutely necessary when loads are applied in the direction of rotation, which in any case is the only direction permitted according to technological principles
  
  

The following are standard values for tempering temperatures:

Materials

Music Wire 1.1200

• 250 °C to 280 °C- see data below

              
Stainless Steel 1.4310 

• 350 °C - 0,5 hours

Stainless Steel 1.4568 

• 400 °C 1,0 hours
  
  

Copper Beryllium 1.1266

• 310 bis 320°C -  2 hours  

              
Inconel 2.4669 

• dependent on service temperature and basic hardness of wire
  
  

Approximate time for tempering

• d~1mm        > 5 minutes
• d~10-15 mm  10-25 minutes
• d~20mm      >30 minutes

• Shot peening is the cold working and polishing of the spring surface by bombardment with spherical shot or glass beads
• The polishing retards possible crack formation
• Shot peening increases durability by approximately 30%
• For stainless spring steels, glass beads are used; for other spring steels, rounded wire shot from 0.6 mm to 0.9 mm is used, depending upon the diameter of the spring wire

• "Shear stress" means that when a load is applied to springs, eccentric stresses (relative to the wire cross-section) occur

The tensile strength [N/mm²] is listed in combination with the wire diameter.

Material fatigue test

• Similar springs are subjected to cyclical stresses of decreasing magnitude
• Each spring failure is plotted as a point on the curve, according to the number of cycles to failure
• Springs that withstand the stresses for more than 10 million cycles are considered to be durable
• The almost horizontal part of the curve defines the fatigue limit of the spring

Material fatigue test

• Similar springs are subjected to cyclical stresses of decreasing magnitude
• Each spring failure is plotted as a point on the curve, according to the number of cycles to failure
• Springs that withstand the stresses for more than 10 million cycles are considered to be durable
• The almost horizontal part of the curve defines the fatigue limit of the spring
  
  

• The maximum stress that a material can withstand without permanent deformation is referred to as the “elastic limit”
• The yield point (Re) and the technical yield strength (Rp 0.2) are used as the basis of calculation

• The stress associated with a non-proportional strain Ep is referred to as the “yield strength” (Rp 0.2).
• Usually the technical elastic limit (at 0.01%), the 0.2 limit (at 0.2%) or the 1% yield strength is determined

• Patenting refers to the production of a fine lamellar pearlite structure in rod wire
• Isothermal transformation can be achieved in low-alloy, largely eutectoid grades of steel
• The wire attains high strength and ductility as a result of this heat treatment
• Patenting by immersion in a bath is used to treat a wire coil; in the case of continuous patenting, the strands of unwound wires proceed next to one another through the heat treatment
• Heating above the transformation point can be carried out in gas-heated furnaces or by means of resistance heating
• Cooling takes place in a lead bath at 500 °C, or in air (air patenting)
• The fine pearlite constitutes a favourable initial structure for subsequent drawing
• In the case of multiple drawing, patenting is also repeated at intervals.Inventor: William Smith in 1870
• The name “patenting” originated from the carefully guarded patent

1.1200 DIN 17223 spring steel wire, round

• d = wire diameter > 0.1 mm to < 2 mm in 1/10 mm intervals (partially finer)
• d = 2 mm to 3 mm in 2.1/2.2/2.25/2.3/2.5/2.7/2.8/3 mm
• d = 3 mm to 4 mm in 3/3.2/3.5/3.6/3.75/4 mm
• d = 4 mm to 12.5 mm in 0.5 mm intervals, as well as 4.3/4.75, as well as 5.3/5.6/6.3 mm
• d > 12.5 mm, d=13 mm to 20 mm in 1.0 mm intervals
  
  

1.4310 DIN 17224 stainless spring steel wire, square wire

• d = wire diameter 0,5 mm to 1,1 mm in 1/10 mm intervals as well as 0,5 mm polished and 1.25/1.5/2/3/4/4.5/5/6/7/8/10 mm
• 1.4310 DIN 17224 spring steel wire, stainless V2a 
• d = wire diameter 0.5 mm to 1.1 mm in 1/10 mm intervals, as well as 0.5 mm polished and 1.25/1.5/1.8/1.9/2.0/2.1/2.25/2.5/2.8/3.0/3.2/3.5/4.0/4.5/5.0/5.5/5.6/6.0/6.3/6.5/7.0/7.5/8.0/8.5/9.0/10.0/11.0/12.0/ 13.0/14.0/15.0/18.0/20.0 mm

1.4310 stainless spring steel wire, stainless V2a, square wire section

• d = 2/3/4/5 mm
  
  

1.4568 - 1.4571 spring steel wire, stainless V4a

• d = wire diameter 1.0/1.5/2.0/7.0/8.0 mm and additional dimensions upon request
  
  

2.4669 Inconel X750

• d = wire diameter, from d = 0.3 mm to approx. 6.0 mm in 0.5 mm intervals

1.8159 - 50CrV4

• d = wire diameter = 12 mm to 50 mm in mm intervals; 30 mm and above in 5 mm intervals; here it is also possible to pare to smaller dimensions.

All other materials and dimensions such as Incoloy HT800, titanium, beryllium copper, spring bronze and others are available upon request and availability of the material.

 View PDF

• The outside diameter refers to the dimension at flat position of the ball bearing disc spring

• The force values given for ball bearing disc springs are derived from the available spring deflections
  s=Lo-t*0.5 or Lo-t*0.75

The displacement force curve is strongly degressive whereby

• s=Suspension travel in mm
• Lo=untensioned height of spring
• t=material thickness in mm

Disc Springs for Ball Bearings Material and Dimensions

1.1200 DIN 17223 spring steel wire, round

• d = wire diameter > 0.1 mm to < 2 mm in 1/10 mm intervals (partially finer)
• d = 2 mm to 3 mm in 2.1/2.2/2.25/2.3/2.5/2.7/2.8/3 mm
• d = 3 mm to 4 mm in 3/3.2/3.5/3.6/3.75/4 mm
• d = 4 mm to 12.5 mm in 0.5 mm intervals, as well as 4,25/4.3/4.75, as well as 5.3/5.6/6.3 mm
• d > 12.5 mm
• d=13 mm to 20 mm in 1.0 mm intervals 1.1200 spring steel wire,
  square wire - 1.5/2/3/4/4.5/5/6/7/8/10 mm

1.4310 DIN 17224 spring steel wire, stainless V2a

• d = wire diameter 0.5 mm to 1.1 mm in 1/10 mm intervals, as well as 0.5 mm polished and 1.25/1.5/1.8/1.9/2.0/2.1/2.25/2.5/2.8/3.0/3.2/3.5/4.0/4.5/5.0/5.5/5.6/6.0/6.3/6.5/7.0/7.5/8.0/8.5/9.0/10.0/11.0/12.0/ 13.0/14.0/15.0/18.0/20.0 mm

1.4310 spring steel wire, stainless V2a, square

• d = 2/3/4/5 mm

1.4568 - 1.4571 spring steel wire, stainless V4a

• d = wire diameter 1.0/1.5/2.0/7.0/8.0 mm and additional dimensions on request
  
  

2.4669 Inconel X750

• d = wire diameter, from d = 0.3 mm to approx. 6.0 mm in 0.5 mm intervals

1.8159 - 50CrV4

• d = wire diameter, d = 8 mm to 50 mm in mm intervals; 30 mm and above in 5 mm intervals; here it is also possible to pare to smaller dimensions

All other materials and dimensions such as Incoloy HT800, Titanium, Beryllium Copper, Spring Bronze and others are available on request and according to availability of material on the market.

Data Table Search

• Type search value/s in white free data fields
• Enter select to get the table of springs with search value
• Multiple clicks on table header will show minimum or maximum assortment accordingly

You may search for

• Alternative product numbers
• Spring designations generally used
• Dimensions
• DIN designation

Input at Febrotec Search

 View PDF

• The Clover®Dome diaphragm spring is a conically shaped disc spring with specifically applied material reductions on the inner and outer diameter which results in a virtually uniformly circulating material strip and permits high deflections
  
  
  

• The overall height of the disc spring Clover®Dome is approx. 10% of its outside diameter, while the height of the standard Belleville disc spring is only approx. 3% of its outside diameter
• This means that the Clover®Dome disc spring achieves a 2 to 3 times higher spring deflection than a conventional disc spring
• The result is a slightly lower spring rate than that of a conventional Belleville spring, but it is significantly higher than the spring rate of a compression spring
• All Clover®Dome disc springs had had the set removed during the manufacturing process and may be compressed to solid height
• When compressed to approx. 75%, the spring returns to its original height and does not flatten out
  

  

• The disc spring can also be compressed to a flat position for static purposes
• Different displacement-force curves depend on the ratio lifting height/material thickness
• The resulting edges are heat-treated without tension
•  After fine stamping, the edges are rounded and the surface is machined to achieve the highest quality

Clover®Dome disc springs can be stacked in parallel and serial layers

• In contrast to conventional disc springs, up to 7 Clover®Dome disc springs can be stacked in parallel layers

• Clover®Dome disc springs are manufactured from 17-7PH according to AMS5529
• The material has slightly better properties than the material 1.4310
• A long service life is ensured using clean surfaces during production

• Typical force-displacement curves of Clover®Dome disc springs
• The ratio h/t indicates the stroke height/material thickness
• Our Clover®Dome disc springs allow a higher spring deflection than a conventional disc spring

Data Table Search

• Type search value/s in white free data fields
• Enter select to get the table of springs with search value
• Multiple clicks on table header will show minimum or maximum assortment accordingly

You may search for

• Alternative product numbers
• Spring designations generally used
• Dimensions
• DIN designation

Input at Febrotec Search

• The force tolerance at force F1 is +-20%

Product group W61...

• The load travel curve of theses precision spring washers can be regarded as linear
• In the first 10% of travel, as well as at the end, there are steeper increases due tot the friction with the base material  

All other wave washers

• These spring washers are used in preloaded applications for medium deflections
• These washers have a higher overall height and load than precision washers W61...
• Higher settlement occurs during the initial installation
• No substantial further settlement occurs thereafter

Wave washer W61

In our table the force F1 is given for approx. 50% of the unstressed height Lo. In the case of static application and a flat position, one can assume that the maximum force is double the value shown for all parts with 3 waves.

• With a parallel arrangement one achieves twice the force
• All parts with more than 3 waves lengths below L1 should be avoided

• The inner and outer diameters are given for the flat position
• The use of a wave spring does not change the outer diameter, while the inner diameter becomes slightly smaller

 View PDF

• Due to the triple wave, a three-line support is created when the wave spring washer is supported, which results in optimum force transmission, e.g. as a support for ball bearings
• Precision type wave spring washers have defined load tolerances
• Compression type wave spring washers do not have load tolerances
• Wave spring washers are ideally suited for tolerance compensation
• Wave spring washers can absorb vibrations; this results in smoother running and an extended service life for ball bearings

Data Table Search

• Type search value/s in white free data fields
• Enter select to get the table of springs with search value
• Multiple clicks on table header will show minimum or maximum assortment accordingly

You may search for

• Alternative product numbers
• Spring designations generally used
• Dimensions
• DIN designation

Input at Febrotec Search

 View PDF

• In our table the force F1 is given for approx. 50% of the unstressed height Lo
• In the case of static application and a flat position, one can assume that the maximum force is double the value shown
• With a parallel arrangement one achieves twice the force
• The tolerances of the forces at L1 are specified as +-15%.

• The inner and outer diameter are given for the unbent condition, i.e. in flat position
• Bending reduces the inner diameter in one direction

• The tolerance of the force at L1 is set at +-15%

Data Table Search

• Type search value/s in white free data fields
• Enter select to get the table of springs with search value
• Multiple clicks on table header will show minimum or maximum assortment accordingly

You may search for

• Alternative product numbers
• Spring designations generally used
• Dimensions
• DIN designation

Input at Febrotec Search

 View PDF

• The force tolerance F1 for a multi wave washer at L1 is +- 10%

• The multi-wave spring washer is used for light loads and very small installation spaces
• A heat-treated flat wire with rounded edges is continuously wound into a spring with uniform waves and wave heights
• The spring washers have multiple waves and replace compression springs with round cross-sections when the overall height is limited
• This means that you have a compression spring with a small overall height
• This spring has a 30-50% smaller solid height compared to a coil spring with a round wire cross section, with a linear force-displacement curve
  
  
  
  

• The material used for multi wave disc spring washers is 17/7ph
• This material likes between 1.4310 and 1.4568
• The maximum operating temperature of this spring washer is 340°C

Data Table Search

• Type search value/s in white free data fields
• Enter select to get the table of springs with search value
• Multiple clicks on table header will show minimum or maximum assortment accordingly

You may search for

• Alternative product numbers
• Spring designations generally used
• Dimensions
• DIN designation

Input at Febrotec Search

 View PDF

• 1.1200 EN 10270-1 carbon steel
• 1.4310 EN 10270-3 stainless steel

• Our wavo spring washers (round wire) are suitable for a variety of applications where short deflections and low-medium forces are customary
• Wavo spring washers (round wire) are typically used for preloading bearings, absorbing vibrations and compensating for temperature-related expansions
• They fit tight radial and axial spaces with inline force, which means assembly sizes can be smaller

• The wavo spring washers (round wire) requires only 25% space of a conventional disc spring
• There is a linear force-displacement curve up to shortly before the solid height

• The load deflection curve for the wavo spring washer (round wire) is linear
• In the last path to flatness, the force increases progressively as a result of friction between the base and the spring

Data Table Search

• Type search value/s in white free data fields
• Enter select to get the table of springs with search value
• Multiple clicks on table header will show minimum or maximum assortment accordingly

You may search for

• Alternative product numbers
• Spring designations generally used
• Dimensions
• DIN designation

Input at Febrotec Search

 View PDF

• Finger spring washers have been developed to reduce noise and to compensate for vibrations caused by excessive loads
• The service life of ball bearings is increased through the use of finger spring washers
• Finger spring washers can also be used in the best way to compensate for loss of play

• The surface of the finger spring washers is oiled

Data Table Search

• Type search value/s in white free data fields
• Enter select to get the table of springs with search value
• Multiple clicks on table header will show minimum or maximum assortment accordingly

You may search for

• Alternative product numbers
• Spring designations generally used
• Dimensions
• DIN designation

Input at Febrotec Search

 View PDF

Data Table Search

• Type search value/s in white free data fields
• Enter select to get the table of springs with search value
• Multiple clicks on table header will show minimum or maximum assortment accordingly

You may search for

• Alternative product numbers
• Spring designations generally used
• Dimensions
• DIN designation

Input at Febrotec Search

 View PDF

• The safety ring for bores fixes components in a bore
• For assembly, the circlip is pushed into the bore until, for example, it engages in a groove by its own tension
• The ends of the safety ring are so far apart in the untightened state that they can be compressed during assembly

Data Table Search

• Type search value/s in white free data fields
• Enter select to get the table of springs with search value
• Multiple clicks on table header will show minimum or maximum assortment accordingly

You may search for

• Alternative product numbers
• Spring designations generally used
• Dimensions
• DIN designation

Input at Febrotec Search

 View PDF

• Our safety ring for shafts fixes components on the exterior of a shaft
• The safety ring is mounted by snapping the circlip into the bore and into a groove

Data Table Search

• Type search value/s in white free data fields
• Enter select to get the table of springs with search value
• Multiple clicks on table header will show minimum or maximum assortment accordingly

You may search for

• Alternative product numbers
• Spring designations generally used
• Dimensions
• DIN designation

Input at Febrotec Search

 View PDF

• The spring clip (spring clamp) made of spring steel can fix pipes, tools, shafts and components with its clamping force
• The spring clip can be fastened to the base with screws or blind rivets

• The spring clip 1 (spring clamp) has a curved base. When attaching the clip, the base is pressed flat and the previously opened legs have a slight pretension, which tightens the parts to be held more tightly than with clips 2, 3, 4, 5. The fixing hole(s) of the clip are below the clamping area
• The spring clips 2, 4 and 5 have a straight base. The parts to be clamped can easily be clipped into the slightly opened legs
• The spring clip (spring clamp) 3 has a straight base with the fixing holes outside the clamping range. The parts to be clamped can easily be clipped into the slightly opened legs
• The spring clip (spring clamp) E has a straight base with the clamping range increased to the base. The parts to be clamped can easily be clipped into the slightly opened legs
  
  

• The spring clips (spring clamps) can be supplied in galvanised spring steel
• The range also includes PVC coatings in either white or black
• This form of coating protects sensitive components that are too tight from surface damage or it is simply an optical variant

Data Table Search

• Type search value/s in white free data fields
• Enter select to get the table of springs with search value
• Multiple clicks on table header will show minimum or maximum assortment accordingly

You may search for

• Alternative product numbers
• Spring designations generally used
• Dimensions
• DIN designation

Input at Febrotec Search

 View PDF

Data Table Search

• Type search value/s in white free data fields
• Enter select to get the table of springs with search value
• Multiple clicks on table header will show minimum or maximum assortment accordingly

You may search for

• Alternative product numbers
• Spring designations generally used
• Dimensions
• DIN designation

Input at Febrotec Search

 View PDF

Data Table Search

• Type search value/s in white free data fields
• Enter select to get the table of springs with search value
• Multiple clicks on table header will show minimum or maximum assortment accordingly

You may search for

• Alternative product numbers
• Spring designations generally used
• Dimensions
• DIN designation

Input at Febrotec Search

• In the manufacturing of cold-formed extension springs an internal preloading of the spring can be generated depending on the strength of the material
• When the spring expands, a force must be applied so that the coils are moved apart and evenly spaced from one another
• In the automatic production of tension springs, lower preloads are achieved than on winding benches

• If the spring rate c=N/mmis multiplied by the travel s=mm and the preload is added, the spring force F is obtained in Newton F= c*s + F0
• “Spring rate” and “spring constant” are synonymous terms
• As a rule there is a linear deflection-force ratio.In the case of extension springs, the linear force-deflection curve can begin at an elevated level due to the pretension generated during winding

• Extension springs made of spring steel 1.1200 are oiled
• Extension springs made of stainless spring steels are dry, not oiled

• Our extension springs have whole German loops acording DIN 2097, with variable loop positions since the number of coils are used as tolerance compensation during manufacturing

• The inside loop diameter is 0.9 times the inside diameter of the spring body

• The life cycles of springs with the designation 0T... and 0C... is approximately 50000 strokes at L1 with a stress factor of 0.5
• For normal operation, the spring should not be loaded beyond L1
• The actual service life depends, among other things, on the spring travel between the deflection points and their position relative to the spring length
• Our engineers would be pleased to help you with the design and recalculation of your application problem

 View PDF

Data Table Search

• Type search value/s in white free data fields
• Enter select to get the table of springs with search value
• Multiple clicks on table header will show minimum or maximum assortment accordingly

You may search for

• Alternative product numbers
• Spring designations generally used
• Dimensions
• DIN designation

Input at Febrotec Search

 View PDF

• Our interlock garter springs are extension springs with the ends fastened together to form a ring
• They are primarily used to maintain controlled pressure of a radial lip seal on a shaft and to compensate for lip wear, changes in volume or stiffness of the elastomer, and the effect of temperature changes and time
• Other uses include small motor belts and electrical connectors
• Garter springs can easily be shortened to the required length and a relatively firm connection of the spring ends can be achieved by connecting the cylindrical and conical ends together
• In critical applications, the connection can be fixed through laser welding

• The tolerance for the outside diameter of Garter springs is da +-0,13mm
• The tolerance of Garter springs at the force at 4.75 mm deflection is +-10% 

Data Table Search

• Type search value/s in white free data fields
• Enter select to get the table of springs with search value
• Multiple clicks on table header will show minimum or maximum assortment accordingly

You may search for

• Alternative product numbers
• Spring designations generally used
• Dimensions
• DIN designation

Input at Febrotec Search

• Garter springs are available in a variety of standard lengths which can be trimmed and assembled according to the required internal diameter
• Simply trim the non-tapered end to the required length and assemble the spring by screwing the tapered end into the non-tapered end

 View PDF

• The torque is tolerated with +-10% at the specified torsion angle
• The outer diameter is tolerated with +-5%

• Straight ends are standard
• We produce special ends upon request

• The material used is stainless spring steel, material number 1.4310

• Our torsion springs are used to absorb and release forces
• The specified torques are intended for standard applications and static loads
• A very good service life for dynamic loads is achieved if the torque is reduced by approx. 40%
• Torsion springs are normally guided over a mandrel
• The specified mandrel diameter M/S gives 10% clearance between the spring and the axle
• For larger stresses, the mandrel diameter must be reduced
• Axial play should also be taken into account during installation in order to ensure proper function
• Use the spring in the direction of the winding
• If the spring is used in the opposite direction to the winding direction, it is bent over the stretched fibre and the service life is considerably shortened

• The shaft diameter must be dimensioned so that there is clearance between the inner diameter of the torsion spring and the shaft at the maximum torsion angle of the torsion spring
• The dimension M/S indicates the maximum shaft diameter at which clearance still exists when the torsion spring has reached the angle of rotation specified in the catalogue

Data Table Search

• Type search value/s in white free data fields
• Enter select to get the table of springs with search value
• Multiple clicks on table header will show minimum or maximum assortment accordingly

You may search for

• Alternative product numbers
• Spring designations generally used
• Dimensions
• DIN designation

Input at Febrotec Search

• The smallest bending radius is r=1d and applies up to a wire diameter of approx. 4mm

 View PDF

• Constant force springs are a special type of extension spring
• They consist of a spiral, which is constructed in such a way that each turn touches the next turn slightly
• When the spring is deflected, frictional resistance and deflection force act in opposite directions so that an almost constant force is produced
• The constant force spring is designed for long spring travel with constant force
• In practice, the spring is fixed firmly to a drum, with the free end absorbing the load
• This principle can be reversed
• The spring can be used flexibly, since the force values can be increased or decreased by tandem arrangement or counter-rotating arrangement

• Slide bearings (drums) or ball bearings can be used for mounting
• At least 1½ windings must remain on the drum when the spring is fully expanded
• It is not necessary to attach the spring to the drum
• The sufficient wrap angle prevents slipping
• The ideal drum diameter is 15-20% larger than the relaxed inner diameter of the constant force spring

Data Table Search

• Type search value/s in white free data fields
• Enter select to get the table of springs with search value
• Multiple clicks on table header will show minimum or maximum assortment accordingly

You may search for

• Alternative product numbers
• Spring designations generally used
• Dimensions
• DIN designation

Input at Febrotec Search

Our constant force springs have the following tolerances

• Di=inner diameter [mm] =+-10%
• Da=outer diameter [mm] =+-10%
• F=force [N]=+-10%

 View PDF

The assortment is sorted in the assortment box and marked with assigned article numbers for reordering the individual springs.

The assortment is sorted in the assortment box and marked with assigned article numbers for reordering the individual springs.

Extension Springs music wire (spring steel)

Kit No. E202AH - 28 items (2 each P/N)

E0850-055-2000M
E0850-055-2500M
E0850-055-2750M
E0850-063-2250M
E0850-063-2750M
E0850-063-3500M
E0850-075-2500M
E0850-075-3000M
E0850-075-4000M
E0850-085-2500M
E0850-085-3000M
E0850-085-4000M
E1000-063-2500M
E1000-063-3000M
E1000-063-3250M
E1000-075-2500M
E1000-075-3000M
E1000-075-4000M
E1000-085-3000M
E1000-085-4000M
E1000-095-3000M
E1000-095-4000M
E1000-095-4500M
E1000-105-3000M
E1000-105-4000M
E1000-105-4500M
E1000-115-3000M
E1000-115-4000M
 

The assortment is sorted in the assortment box and marked with assigned article numbers for reordering the individual springs.

The assortment is sorted in the assortment box and marked with assigned article numbers for reordering the individual springs.

Compression Springs: music wire (spring steel)

Kit No. C102AL - 84 items (2 each P/N)

C0180-016-0380M
C0180-016-0500M
C0180-016-0750M
C0180-018-0500M
C0180-018-0100M
C0180-018-1500M
C0180-020-0500M
C0180-020-1000M
C0180-020-1500M
C0180-022-0500M
C0180-022-1000M
C0180-022-1500M
C0180-024-0500M
C0180-024-1000M
C0180-024-1500M
C0180-026-0500M
C0180-026-1000M
C0180-026-1500M
C0180-029-0500M
C0180-029-1000M
C0180-029-1500M
C0180-032-0500M
C0180-032-1000M
C0180-032-2000M
C0210-022-0500M
C0210-022-0880M
C0210-022-1500M
C0210-026-0500M
C0210-026-1000M
C0210-026-1500M
C0240-020-0500M
C0240-020-1000M
C0240-020-1750M
C0240-022-0500M
C0240-022-1000M
C0240-022-2000M
C0240-024-0500M
C0240-024-1000M
C0240-024-2000M
C0240-026-0500M
C0240-026-1000M
C0240-026-2000M
C0240-029-0500M
C0240-029-1000M
C0240-029-2000M
C0240-032-0500M
C0240-032-1000M
C0240-032-2000M
C0240-035-0620M
C0240-035-1250M
C0240-035-2000M
C0240-038-0750M
C0240-038-1250M
C0240-038-2000M
C0240-040-0750M
C0240-040-1250M
C0240-040-2000M
C0240-042-0750M
C0240-042-1500M
C0240-042-2500M
C0300-022-0750M
C0300-022-1250M
C0300-022-2000M
C0300-026-0750M
C0300-026-1250M
C0300-026-2000M
C0300-030-0750M
C0300-030-1250M
C0300-030-2000M
C0300-032-0750M
C0300-032-1250M
C0300-032-2000M
C0300-038-0750M
C0300-038-1500M
C0300-038-2000M
C0300-040-0750M
C0300-040-1500M
C0300-040-2000M
C0300-042-0750M
C0300-042-1500M
C0300-042-2250M
C0300-045-0750M
C0300-045-1500M
C0300-045-2250M

The assortment is sorted in the assortment box and marked with assigned article numbers for reordering individual springs.

The assortment is sorted in the assortment box and marked with assigned article numbers for reordering the individual springs.

Compression Springs

Kit No. C102AH - 61 items (2 each P/N)

C0600-067-1000M
C0600-067-1500M
C0600-067-2000M
C0600-072-1000M
C0600-072-1500M
C0600-072-2000M
C0720-055-1000M
C0720-055-1500M
C0720-055-2000M
C0720-063-1000M
C0720-063-1500M
C0720-063-2000M
C0720-065-1000M
C0720-065-1500M
C0720-065-2000M
C0720-067-1000M
C0720-067-1500M
C0720-067-2000M
C0720-072-1000M
C0720-072-1500M
C0720-072-2000M
C0850-068-1000M
C0850-068-1500M
C0850-068-2000M
C0850-074-1000M
C0850-074-1500M
C0850-074-2000M
C0850-081-1000M
C0850-081-1500M
C0850-081-2000M
C0850-085-1000M
C0850-085-1500M
C0850-085-2000M
C0975-074-1000M
C0975-074-1500M
C0975-074-2000M
C0975-085-1000M
C0975-085-1500M
C0975-085-2000M
C0975-092-1000M
C0975-092-1500M
C0975-092-2000M
C0975-096-1500M
C0975-096-2000M
C1100-085-1500M
C1100-085-2000M
C1100-096-1500M
C1100-096-2000M
C1100-105-1500M
C1100-105-2000M
C1100-112-1000M
C1100-112-1500M
C1100-112-2000M
C1225-096-1000M
C1225-096-1500M
C1225-105-1000M
C1225-105-1500M
C1225-112-1000M
C1225-112-1500M
C1225-125-1000M
C1225-125-1500M

The assortment is sorted in the assortment box and marked with assigned article numbers for reordering the individual springs.

The assortment is sorted in the assortment box and marked with assigned article numbers for reordering the individual springs.

The assortment is sorted in the assortment box and marked with assigned article numbers for reordering the individual springs.

The assortment is sorted in the assortment box and marked with assigned article numbers for reordering the individual springs.

The assortment is sorted in the assortment box and marked with assigned article numbers for reordering the individual springs.

Finger Spring Washers

Kit No. F502A - 20 items (2 Each P/N)

F60400
F60410
F60420
F60430
F60440
F60450
F60460
F60470
F60480
F60490
F60500
F60510
F60520
F60530
F60540
F60550
F60560
F60570
F60580
F60590
 

The assortment is sorted in the assortment box and marked with assigned article numbers for reordering individual springs.

Assortments are sorted in the assortment box and marked with assigned article numbers for reordering individual springs.

Data Table Search

• Type search value/s in white free data fields
• Enter select to get the table of springs with search value
• Multiple clicks on table header will show minimum or maximum assortment accordingly

You may search for

• Alternative product numbers
• Spring designations generally used
• Dimensions
• DIN designation

Input at Febrotec Search

To reorder the individual springs, assortments are sorted in the assortment box and marked with assigned article numbers.

To reorder individual springs, assortments are sorted in the assortment box and marked with assigned article numbers.

 View PDF

• The smallest bending radius for spring steel wire is r=1d
• This applies to a wire diameter of up to 4mm

Material for springs

• Carbon steel 1.1200       - 270°C - 0,5 hours* - air cooling
• Stainless steel 1.4310    - 380°C - 0,5 hours - air cooling
• Stainless steel 1.4568    - 450°C - 1,0 hours - air cooling
• Stainless steel 1.4571    - 450°C - 1,0 hours - air cooling
• Beryllium copper 2.1247 - 310 bis 320°C - 2,0 hours - air cooling
  
  

* time

• d~1mm > 5min
• d~10-15 mm  10-25 min
• d~20mm  > 30min

Data Table Search

• Type search value/s in white free data fields
• Enter select to get the table of springs with search value
• Multiple clicks on table header will show minimum or maximum assortment accordingly

You may search for

• Alternative product numbers
• Spring designations generally used
• Dimensions
• DIN designation

Input at Febrotec Search